pile [pail] n. ①堆，叠②大量；大数目；大堆piles of work 一大堆事情【习习用语】①a pile of dough 一大笔钱②make one's pile 赚钱，发达③pile in [into] 挤进，拥进；［口］猛烈攻击；［口］狼吞虎咽pilgrim [ˈpilɡrim] n. 朝圣者pillar [ˈpilə(r)] n. 柱子；栋梁pillow [ˈpiləu] n. 枕头He used his boots for a pillow. 他用靴子作枕头。【习习用语】①consult [advise] with one's pillow (＝carry a matter to one's pillow) 把问题留到第二天解决；整夜思考，认真思量②sew pillows under people's elbows 使人发生虚假的宁静感，使人麻木大意，高枕无忧③take counsel of one's pillow (＝consult with one's pillow)pilot [ˈpailət] n. 航行员；引航员pinch [pintʃ] n. ①拧，掐 ②（一）撮，微量 v. 捏，掐pine [pain] n. 松树，松木【习习用语】①pine away 因忧伤而憔悴；因疾病而消瘦②pine for 盼望，纪念；因想望而烦恼pint [paint] n. ①品脱②一品脱啤酒【习习用语】sink one's pints［口］喝啤酒pioneer [paiəˈniə(r)] n. 开拓者；先驱；轻工兵Doctor Smith was one of the______in cancer research.A. pioneersB. advocatesC. engineersD. founders【谜底】A．pioneer n. 先驱者，首创人；开拓者，开发者。advocate (of) n. 提倡者，拥护者；辩护人，状师。engineer n. 工程师。

founder n. 首创人。pipe [paip] n. ①管道；烟斗②笛子；（pl.）风笛【习习用语】①dance after [to] sb's pipe [piping, whistle] 听从某人指挥，百依百顺地听从别人②fill one's pipe 致富③hit the pipe 吸鸦片，吸毒pistol [ˈpist(ə)l] n. 手枪【习习用语】①best the pistol（赛跑时）枪响前冲出，起跑犯规②discharge [fire] one's pistol in the air 朝天放枪；居心不使对手受伤；假打架；与想象的论敌争论③hold [put] a pistol to sb's head 用手枪抵着某人的脑壳；胁迫某人；迫使某人就范piston [ˈpist(ə)n] n. 活塞pit [pit] n. 坑；矿井【习习用语】①dig a pit for sb 为某人挖陷阱，使某人陷入圈套②fly (shoot) the pit（斗鸡）飞出斗鸡场；不付房钱而逃③snake pit［美俚］治理不妥的神经病院；恐怖杂乱的地方［局势］pitch [pitʃ] vt. 投掷n. 沥青【习习用语】pitch into 投入（事情）；开始大吃大嚼；攻击plague [pleiɡ] n. ①瘟疫②灾祸，祸殃plane [plein] n. ①飞机；平面②几何平面③水平；水平；级Keep your work on a high plane. 使你的事情保持高水平。

【习习用语】①plane away [off] 刨掉②plane down 把……刨薄，刨平planet [ˈplænit] n. 行星plantation [ˌplænˈteiʃ(ə)n] n. 种植园，大农场，林场plaster [ˈplɑːstə(r)] n. ①灰泥②软石膏plate [pleit] vt. 电镀plateau [ˈplætəu] n. 高原platform [ˈplætfɔːm] n. ①平台，讲台；站台②（政党等的）政纲，宣言【习习用语】be at home on the platform 善于（或习惯于）演说plausible [ˈplɔːzib(ə)l] a. 似有原理的，似乎正确的，貌似可信的plea [pliː] n. ①恳求，请求②辩解plead [pliːd] v. 请求，恳求pledge [pledʒ] n. ①誓约，保证②保证物，信物plentiful [ˈplentiful] a. 富足的，富厚的plight [plait] n. 难题处境，恶劣的状态plot [plɔt] n. 小块地；情节；阴谋plough (=plow) [plau] n. 犁vt. 犁，耕plug [plʌɡ] n. 塞子，插头plumber [ˈplʌmə(r)] n. 管子工，水暖工plunge [plʌndʒ] vt. ①使投入，使刺进②使陷入，使遭受plural [ˈpluər(ə)l] a. 复数的n. 复数plus [plʌs] prep. 加，加上a. 加的，正的n. 加号，正号pneumonia [njuːˈməuniə] n. 肺炎poetry [ˈpəuitri] n. 诗歌poke [pəuk] vt. 戳，捅polite [pəˈlait] a. 有礼貌的；有修养的political [pəˈlitik(ə)l] a. ①政治（上）的②与政治有关的；党派政治的He has very strong political opinions. 他有强烈的政见。politician [pɔliˈtiʃ(ə)n] n. 政客，政治家politics [ˈpɔlitiks] n. ①政治；政治学②政治计谋；政治手腕；政治运动 Politics have never interested me. 政治从未引起我的兴趣。③政论；政见；政纲What are your politics? 你的政见如何？【长难例句】As far as I am concerned, his politics are rather conservative compared with other politicians. 就我看来，同其他政治家们相比，他的政治看法相当守旧。

poll [pəul] n. 投票，投票数，民意考试v. 投票，举行民意考试pollutant [pəˈluːtənt] n. 污染物质ponder [ˈpɔndə(r)] v. 仔细思量，沉思pool [puːl] n. 池，撞球，联营，石油层pope [pəup] n. （Pope）天主教教皇popular [ˈpɔpjulə(r)] a. 盛行的，普及的；公共的；广受接待的，自制的（价钱）Canned foods are______with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them.A. usualB. welcomeC. desirableD. popular【谜底】D．popular (with sb) a. 广受接待的，有名的；盛行的，通俗的，公共的。usual a. 通常的，平常的。

welcome a. 受接待的；be welcome to 接待到……来（作形容词时不能说welcome with）。desirable a. （定语或表语）可取的；值得想望的，值得拥有的（在句型It is desirable that… 中，从句谓语需用虚拟语气）。popularity [ˌpɔpjuˈlæriti] n. 普及，盛行；名誉population [ˌpɔpjuˈleiʃ(ə)n] n. ①人口②住在某一地域的人；生长于某一地域的动物The population in these villages still uses well water. 住在这些乡村里的人依然饮用井水。porcelain [ˈpɔːslin] n. 瓷，瓷器porch [pɔːtʃ] n. ①门廊②接待室，休息室porter [ˈpɔːtə(r),ˈpəu˗] n. ①搬运工人②（市场的）挑夫③守门人；门房（指人）portion [ˈpɔːʃ(ə)n] n. ①部门，一份②分得的部门She only eats a small portion of food. 她只吃分得的一小部门食物。

③（饭菜的）一客，一份portrait [ˈpɔːtrit] n. ①肖像，画像portray [pɔːˈtrei] vt. ①形貌，描绘②饰演，饰演position [pəˈziʃ(ə)n] n. ①位置；职务；看法②适当的位置the position of the players on the field 球员在球场上的适当位置③（争斗时的）有利职位in a favorable position 处于有利职位【试题精练】It is improper for a person in such a high______in the company to behave so badly in public.A. positionB. conditionC. professionD. authority【谜底】A. position n. 职位，职务；姿势，姿态；看法，态度。condition n. 条件；状态，状况；（pl.）情况（be in condition〈运发动〉身体条件好；be in good condition〈货物抵达〉完好无损）。profession n. 职业（一般指受过高等教育的人所从事的职业，如教师、医生、状师等）。

authority n. 权力，权威；当权者；（pl.）政府（a person in authority 当权人士）。positive [ˈpɔzitiv] a. ①肯定的；努力的；正面的；正数的；阳性的②绝对的It was a positive delight to hear her sing so beautifully. 听她美妙的歌声绝对是一种享受。③断然的；极有掌握的；太自信的【习习用语】be positive about [of] 确信，确知They had to examine the dead fish before they had a______answer as to what killed them.A. positiveB. possibleC. tentativeD. normal【谜底】A. positive a. 确实的，明确的；努力的，肯定的；正的，阳性的（如 I gave you positive instructions. There is positive proof that he did it. Can you be positive of/about what you saw? She was positive she had seen it）。tentative a. 试探（性）的，试验（性）的。

normal a. 正常的，平常的；正规的。possess [pəˈzes] vt. ①拥有，占有【同】have, hold, own, deep, occupy【反】lose②（恶魔）附体；（情欲）迷住，缠住③（感受、思想）支配，控制，对……影响很深【同】command, seize, control【习习用语】①be possessed by [with] 被（鬼魅、思想等）缠住，迷住②be possessed of 拥有，占有，具有，享有③be exclusively possessed by 在……独霸下【派】possession, possessive, possessorpossession [pəˈzeʃ(ə)n] n. 拥有，占有，所有，着迷，领土，领地，产业（常pl.）postage [ˈpəustidʒ] n. 邮资，邮费postcard [ˈpəustkɑːd] n. 明信片poster [ˈpəustə(r)] n. 海报，招贴，（布告、口号、海报等的）张贴者postgraduate [pəustˈɡrædjuit] n. 研究生postman [ˈpəustmən] n. 邮递员postpone [pəustˈpəun] vt. 延期，推迟pot [pɔt] n. 罐，壶poultry [ˈpəultri] n. 家禽；食用家禽pound [paund] n. 磅；英镑 v. 敲击；捣碎pour [pɔː(r)] v. ①倒，灌，注；流出practical [ˈpræktik(ə)l] a. ①实际的；实用的；可行的②老练的；只讲实用的③感受缓慢的【试题精练】Without telephone it would be impossible to carry on the functions of______every business operation in the whole country.A. preferablyB. preciselyC. practicallyD. presumably【谜底】C. practically ad. 险些，简直；实际上。

preferably ad. 最好是。precisely ad. 准确地，确切地；恰好是。presumably ad. 或许，可能，据推测。

practically [ˈpræktikəli] ad. 实际上；险些，简直practice [ˈpræktis] n. 实践，做法；训练；业务【试题精练】My golf is not very good just now. I've been busy and I'm out of______.A. conditionB. placeC. fashionD. practice【谜底】D. be out of practice 久不训练（技术已荒疏）（如 The basketball team got out of practice during the Christmas holidays. He was out of practice at batting.）（反义短语：be in practice）。be out of condition 身体状况欠好。be out of place （本义）不在应该在的位置上；（引申）（话语）不合适，不恰当；（人与情况）不协调，不相称，格格不入。

be out of fashion 过时的，不时兴。practitioner [prækˈtiʃənə(r)] n. ①开业医生②状师。

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